These nanodrones are made to harness the power of organic killer (NK) cells, which Engage in a vital purpose in the human body's immune reaction from tumors. By directing these NK cells precisely into the sites of tumors, the nanodrones can effectively focus the immune process's assault within the cancer cells, potentially bringing about superior outcomes for patients.[270]
癌症复发。癌症幸存者有癌症复发的风险。有些癌症比其他癌症更容易复发。请咨询医生如何降低癌症复发的风险。治疗后，医生可能会为您设计一份随访护理计划。该计划可能包括在治疗后的几个月和几年里定期进行扫描和检查，以寻找癌症复发的迹象。
溃疡性结肠炎等一些慢性健康状况会导致患某些癌症的风险显著增加。向医生咨询相关风险。
乙肝病毒、丙肝病毒和某些类型的人乳头瘤病毒可分别增加罹患肝癌和宫颈癌的危险。艾滋病毒感染会使患宫颈癌的风险增加六倍，并还会大幅增加患其他癌症，如卡波西肉瘤的风险。
早期發現對於癌症治療的成功至關重要。癥狀可能因癌症類型和受影響的器官而異，但常見指標包括： 不明原因的體重減輕
只有一小部分癌症是由于遗传疾病所致。如果癌症在您的家族中较为常见，则突变可能从一代传给下一代。您可能适合接受基因检测，以确认您是否遗传了可能增加某些癌症风险的突变。请记住，遗传基因突变并不表示肯定会罹患癌症。
The afflicted genes are divided into two wide types. Oncogenes are genes that boost cell progress and reproduction. Tumor suppressor genes are genes that inhibit cell division and survival. Malignant transformation can occur from the formation of novel oncogenes, the inappropriate around-expression of usual oncogenes, or via the less than-expression or disabling of tumor suppressor genes.
免疫療法是利用人體內的免疫機制來對抗腫瘤細胞。已經有許多對抗癌症的免疫療法在研究中。目前較有進展的就是癌症疫苗療法和單株抗體療法，而免疫細胞療法則是最近這幾年最新發展的治療技術。
Lessened expression of DNA mend genes disrupts DNA maintenance. This can be demonstrated in the figure on the 4th stage 癌症 within the leading. (Inside the determine, purple wording implies the central role of DNA harm and defects in DNA mend while in the progression to cancer.) When DNA fix is deficient DNA injury remains in cells at a greater than typical level (fifth stage) and results in greater frequencies of mutation and/or epimutation (sixth level).
參加臨床實驗的病患有機會得到其所參與實驗的新療法的幫助，但是新的治療方式並不保證會有良好的結果，新療法也可能有未知的風險，嚴重的話甚至會導致死亡。但如果新療法成功的話，接受實驗的病人可能會最先受益。臨床實驗在美國有相當嚴格的進行規範，無論是在人選的選擇以及藥物劑量都有標準操作原則。以避免研究者為了加速研發新藥物，不顧病患的權益，貿然在人體上進行高風險的新療法測試。實際上有許多例子也顯示，即使是通過嚴格標準篩選出可進入臨床實驗階段的抗癌藥物，在臨床上的結果並未如預期的有效。這樣的結果也反映癌症的多原性以及人體系統的複雜度，我們在抗癌藥物的研發上仍有漫長的路途要走。
免疫細胞療法是最近這幾年開發的最新技術，原理是直接將大量未分化的樹狀細胞投入腫瘤中或腫瘤周邊的血管中，能迅速且大量的強化樹狀細胞辨識特定癌細胞的能力，使樹狀細胞可在短時間內幫助輔助型T細胞（helper T cell）快速誘導出大量細胞毒殺性T淋巴球（CTL），以攻擊特定癌細胞。目前此項研究已在日本進入臨床試驗階段。
There's an Affiliation amongst celiac condition and an increased danger of all cancers. Those with untreated celiac ailment have a greater hazard, but this chance decreases with time right after diagnosis and demanding treatment method. This can be a result of the adoption of the gluten-cost-free diet, which looks to possess a protecting part from the event of malignancy in people with celiac disorder.
有些恶性肿瘤，并不被称为癌或肉瘤，而是以“恶性……瘤”的名词出现，如恶性黑色素瘤。
The results that outcome rely upon most cancers's sort and site. Several signs or symptoms are precise. Quite a few routinely come about in people who produce other disorders. Most cancers is often difficult to diagnose and will be considered a "great imitator".[33]